Waterborne diseases are infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites found in contaminated water. Swimming in polluted lakes, rivers, pools, or beaches, consequently, increases the risk of exposure, leading to various illnesses that affect the skin, eyes, ears, digestive system, and respiratory health.
Common Waterborne Diseases and Their Symptoms
- Swimmer’s Ear (Otitis Externa) – Itchy, painful, and swollen outer ear due to bacterial infection from dirty water.
- Gastrointestinal Infections – Diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, and fever caused by ingesting water contaminated with E. coli, norovirus, or Giardia.
- Skin Infections – Rashes, itchiness, or boils from bacteria like Pseudomonas, commonly found in poorly maintained swimming pools.
- Eye Infections (Conjunctivitis) – Red, irritated, or swollen eyes due to exposure to bacteria or chemicals in the water.
- Respiratory Infections – Coughing, congestion, or pneumonia caused by inhaling contaminated water droplets, especially in poorly ventilated indoor pools.
Who Is at Risk?
Anyone can contract waterborne diseases, but individuals with weak immune systems, children, older adults, and people with open wounds or skin conditions are more vulnerable.
How to Prevent Waterborne Diseases
- Swim in Clean, Well-Maintained Water – Choose pools, beaches, and water parks that follow proper sanitation and water treatment guidelines.
- Avoid Swallowing Water – Ingesting contaminated water increases the risk of infections.
- Shower Before and After Swimming – Rinse off to remove bacteria and chemicals before and after swimming.
- Protect Your Ears and Eyes – Use waterproof earplugs and swim goggles to reduce the risk of infections.
- Stay Out of the Water if You Have Open Wounds – Cuts and abrasions can allow bacteria to enter the body.
- Check for Health Advisories – Avoid swimming in areas where, in particular, there have been pollution warnings or recent reports of contamination.
Swimming is a great way to stay active, but it’s essential to be aware of waterborne diseases and take precautions to protect your health. By choosing safe swimming locations, maintaining good hygiene, and, moreover, staying informed about water quality, you can enjoy the water safely.
It pays to be informed
If you experience persistent diarrhea, ear pain, skin rashes, fever, or breathing issues after swimming, consult a doctor immediately. In fact, early treatment can prevent complications.
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References:
https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/waterborne/basics.html